Functional Assessment and Propaedeutics in Sports Medicine: Recovery and Optimization of Physical Performance Post-Pandemic

A Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the physical health of athletes and exercise practitioners, leading to deconditioning, injuries, and psychological challenges. In this context, sports medicine highlighted the importance of functional assessments and propedeutic techniques for recovery and performance enhancement. Objectives: To review the literature on the role of functional assessment and propedeutic strategies in returning to sports practice after the pandemic. Methodology: A review was conducted on the PubMed database using the descriptors “functional assessment,” “sports medicine,” “physical recovery,” and “COVID-19 pandemic.” A total of 42 studies published between 2020 and 2023 were analyzed, excluding systematic reviews and case reports. Discussion: Functional assessments are crucial to identify deficits in mobility, strength, and cardiorespiratory capacity. Strength, endurance, and flexibility tests help plan progressive recovery, reducing injury risks. Propedeutics in sports medicine includes tools to detect muscle imbalances and risk factors, utilizing imaging exams and specific tests. Strategies for cardiorespiratory rehabilitation, muscle recovery, and progressive training are essential for a safe return to physical activities. Final Considerations: Integrating functional assessment and propedeutics is essential for physical recovery and performance optimization post-pandemic. Advances in sports medicine provide effective approaches to promote health, prevent injuries, and ensure a safe return to activities.